General Linguistics

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Browsing General Linguistics by Author "Klopper, R.M."

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    Aspekte van die naamwoordkonstruksie in Griekwa-Afrikaans
    (1993) Spruyt, Maria Magdalena; Klopper, R.M.
    In hierdie verhandeling word bepaalde aspekte beskryf van die naamwoordkonstruksie in Griekwa-Afrikaans, 'n vemarne niestandaarddialek van Afrikaans waaraan daar nog min gewerk is. Dit word bedoel as 'n bydrae tot 'n ewewigtiger benadering tot taalbeskrywing waarvolgens aile varieteite van Afrikaans as taalkundig gelykwaardig beskou word. Bepaalde aspekte van die naamwoordkonstruksie in Griekwa-Afrikaans word leksikaal en sintagmaties beskryf, waama 'n aantal hipoteses oor die verwantskap tussen GriekwaAfrikaans en die koine getoets word. Daar word eerstens tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dar daar by die naamwoordkonstruksie oorweldigende ooreenkomste op sowel leksikale as sintagmatiese vlak tussen GriekwaAfrikaans en die koine bestaan sonder dat daar beduidende verskille is. Tweedens word teen die verwagting in bevind dat die taalgebruik van die sprekers van Griekwa-Afrikaans 'n beduidende aantal hoogs komplekse naamwoordstukke bevat. Verder word bevind dat sommige sprekers se taalgebruik inherente variasie vertoon t.o.v, bepaalde aspekte van voomaamwoordelike gebruik en ander s'n nie, Laastens word bevind dat die Kokstad-, Philippolis- en Campbell-gebiede as afsonderlike spraakgemeenskappe beskou kan word op grond van die sprekers se voomaamwoordelike gebruikspatrone. Eng:=This dissertation focuses on a number of aspects of the noun phrase in Griekwa-Afrikaans, an important non-standard dialect of Afrikaans which has not yet been adequately described. It is intended as a contribution to a more balanced approach to linguistic description which accords all the dialects of Afrikaans equal merit. After particular aspects of the nominal construction in Griekwa-Afrikaans are described lexically and syntagmatically, a number of hypotheses are tested regarding the relationship between Griekwa-Afrikaans and koine Afrikaans. The first conclusion arrived at is that there are overwhelming similarities in the nominal construction on lexical as well as syntagmatic level between Griekwa-Afrikaans and koine Afrikaans without there being any significant differences. A second and unexpected conclusion is that recorded speech in Griekwa-Afrikaans contains a significant number of quite complex noun phrases. It was also concluded that some respondents exhibit inherent variation with regard to particular aspects of pronominal usage while others do not. Finally it was concluded that the Kokstad, Philippolis and Campbell areas can be considered separate speech communities with regard to pronominal usage.
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    'n Kognitiewe benadering tot tydsmarkering in Afrikaans
    (1999) Spruyt, Maria Magdalena; Klopper, R.M.
    Engl: = The aim of this dissertation was to give an overview of work done on the grammatical expression of time in Afrikaans, and to show that the Cognitive Rhetoric, as a relatively new field of study, offers analytical tools that can account for problems being encountered with time expression which cannot be successfully dealt with through traditional methods of analysis and description. A descriptive framework was developed based on the cognitive approach of mental spaces, which has as basic principle the view that the semantic structure of a language is a reflection of a person's conscious experience of a physical, social and linguistic world, which allows for time to be metaphorically viewed as space. Thus time can be viewed as a container in which past, present and future are locked up in still smaller containers. These containers function as mental spaces, which are partial renderings of logical, coherent situations or potential realities in which time moves as a mover or a manipulator. An important tenet of the analytical framework which has been developed, is that a mental space for the present tense is regarded as man's primary field of experience, and as the cognitive point of departure from where he metaphorically projects to a past tense mental space or a future tense mental space. Within a particular mental space there is contained a sequence of events which are marked for the same tense; when a shift in time occurs, a new mental space is opened for the new time frame. The mental spaces approach has been utilized to show how time is used as a background-organizing mechanism for the analysis and description of tense in everyday discourse as well as a fictional narrative text. Afrik: = Die doelwit van hierdie dissertasie was om deur middel van bronverkenning 'n oorsig te bied van werk wat in Afrikaans gedoen is oor tydsvergestalting, en om aan te dui dat die Kognitiewe Retoriek, as opkomende studiegebied, ontledingsmeganismes bied vir probleme met tydsmarkering wat nie deur tradisionele metodes van ontleding en beskrywing opgelos kan word nie. 'n Ontledingsraamwerk gebaseer op die kognitiewe dinkruimbenadering is ontwikkel wat voorsiening maak vir die beginsel dat die semantiese struktuur van 'n taal 'n mens se bewussyn van 'n fisiese, sosiale en taalkundige wereld reflekteer, sodat tyd metafories as ruimte herbedink word. Hiervolgens word tyd as ln houer gesien waarbinne tydskonsepte soos hede, verlede en toekoms as kleiner houers opgesluit le*. Hierdie houers funksioneer as dinkruime, wat gedeeltelike weergawes is van logiese, samehangende situasies of potensiele werklikhede waarbinne tyd as 'n beweger en *n manipuleerder optree. *n Basiese vertrekpunt van die ontledingsraamwerk wat ontwikkel is, behels dat 'n dinkruim vir die teenwoordigetyd as die prim ere belewingsruim van die mens beskou word, en as die kognitiewe vertrekpunt vanwaar hy metafories projekteer na *n verledetyddinkruim of 'n toekomstigetyddinkruim. Binne 'n bepaalde dinkruim is daar 'n sekwensie van gebeurerame wat vir dieselfde tyd gemerk is; sodra *n tydskuif plaasvind, word 'n nuwe dinkruim oopgemaak vir die nuwe tydraam. Die dinkruimbenadering is benut om aan te toon hoe tyd as agtergrond-organiserende meganisme gebruik word om tyd in alledaagse diskoers asook in narratiewe tekste te ontleed.
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    Oorsaaklikheid en oorganklikheid in Afrikaans : `n kognitiewe benadering
    (2000) Zulu, Sylvia Phiwani; Klopper, R.M.
    Afr: In hierdie proefskrif doen ek verslag oor navorsing wat ek binne die raamwerk van die Kognitiewe Retoriek gedoen het oor die venvantskap tussen oorsaaklikheid en oorganklikheid in Afrikaans. Nadat ek die aard van oorsaaklikheid aan die hand van die jongste literatuur beskryfhet, het ek gewys hoe oorsaaklikheid saam met ander betekeniselemente soos beeldskemas, konseptuele melafore en semantiese rolle die grondslag vorm vir hoe die mens dink en praat oor die interaksies om hom wat hy oorganklike gebeure noem. = Engl: In this dissertation I am reporting the results of the research that I did within the framework of Cognitive Rhetoric regarding the relationship between causality and transitivity in Afrikaans. After describing the nature of causality based on the most recent literature in this regard, I demonstrate how causality, along with other elements of meaning such as image s enemas, conceptual metaphors and semantic roles form the basis of how humans think and-talk about the-interactions-around-them that they term transitive events.
University of Zululand